http://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/issue/feedJournal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Research2024-04-22T12:03:16+03:00Division of Academic, Research & Student Affairs chukauni.jesar@chuka.ac.keOpen Journal Systems<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The</span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Research</span></em> <em><span style="font-weight: 400;">(JESAR)</span></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a broad scope journal that publishes technological and innovative basic and applied for research works on environmental sustainability derived from, but not limited to: -</span><span class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 120.04px; top: 812.944px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927922);" role="presentation"> </span></span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Agricultural</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Biological</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Business</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Educational</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Health</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Social</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Scientific</span><span class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 120.04px; top: 812.944px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927922);" role="presentation"> <br /></span></span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Original research, focused review articles and short communications are accepted for publication to impact society and humanity progressively for posterity.</span><span class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 120.04px; top: 812.944px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927922);" role="presentation"> </span></span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The frequency of publication of JESAR is biannual (two issues per year)</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span></p> <p><strong>Bibliographic information</strong></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">ISSN: 2409-966X (Print)</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">ISSN: (Online)</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">DOI: </span></p> <p><span id="page20R_mcid16" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 120.04px; top: 812.944px; font-size: 20px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(0.927922);" role="presentation"> </span></span></p>http://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/article/view/133INFLUENCE OF NEED ASSESSMENT ON PROCUREMENT PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN EASTERN REGION KENYA.2024-01-04T12:52:20+03:00Nyaga, Annrose Nkiroteannyaga@chuka.ac.ke<p>There has been effort by the public institutions in Kenya to improve performance of the procurement function. However, poor procurement performance in terms of delays and poor<br>quality goods received is still a challenge. The objective of the study was to investigate need<br>assessment on procurement performance in public universities. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The population of the study was 324 participants, the sample size was<br>102 and stratified sampling was adopted. Data which was collected by means of questionnaires. Multiple linear regression models aided in analysis to bring out the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable with the help of Statistical Packages for Social<br>Sciences (SPSS Version 28.0). The significance of the independent variable was tested using t-test. The t statistics and significance level established a statistically significant positive<br>effect of needs assessment on procurement performance of public universities in Eastern<br>region at a 5% significance level with coefficient of 0.059, and p-values 0.405. The study<br>concluded that public universities should encourage effective use of need assessments to<br>impact positively on the effectiveness of the procurement process of public universities in<br>Eastern region. The findings of this study are expected to be useful to; public universities, as<br>it would provide complementary knowledge useful in formulation of policy and a regulatory<br>framework on procurement planning in the Public Universities. The study will be a key ingredient in the; planning, designing and implementation of a sound public procurement<br>planning that will align itself to the overall economic strategy.</p>2024-01-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Researchhttp://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/article/view/138CITIZENS’ SATISFACTION WITH POLICE RECRUITMENT PROCESS: A CASE OF BOMET COUNTY, KENYA.2024-01-04T14:25:45+03:00Rotich Kipkirui,rotikibu@gmail.comKiboro Christopher N.ckiboro@chuka.ac.ke<p>Previous studies have examined citizens' perceptions of the police. However, studies on<br>the citizens’ perception of police recruitment are scarce. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating citizens' attitudes toward the recruitment of new police officers into the national police<br>service. The study's objective was to determine citizens' satisfaction with the way in which<br>police recruitment exercise is conducted in Bomet County, Kenya. The target population<br>for the study was 875,689 citizens. This study used a descriptive research design. The simple random sampling method was used to pick three Sub-Counties in Bomet County and to<br>identify the respondents for the study from the selected sub-counties. A questionnaire with<br>a series of statements on the Likert Scale was used to collect data. Analysis of the data was<br>conducted through frequencies, percentages, and Chi-Square. The results were presented<br>through frequency distribution tables. The study found that the respondents were not satisfied with the way in which police recruitment is conducted. The police recruitment exercise is still affected by police illegitimacy and other vices such as bribery, nepotism, favoritism, and discrimination. This study found police recruitment to be below a fair threshold<br>of accountability and transparency standards, which causes citizens’ dissatisfaction with<br>police recruitment exercises. The findings of this study provides significant insights to human rights organizations and other actors to advocate for proper implementation of police<br>recruitment reforms that would improve police recruited to the right standards.</p>2024-01-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Researchhttp://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/article/view/136INFLUENCE OF EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT ON RETENTION IN PRIVATE SECURITY FIRMS IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA2024-01-04T14:05:04+03:00Mustafa Nancy Karinthoni,nmustafa@chuka.ac.ke<p>The challenge of employee retention is a global problem that affects organizations in both<br>developing and developed countries. Even though a lot has been done towards addressing<br>the problem, the situation has continued to be experienced among private security firms in<br>Nairobi City County, Kenya. The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of employee commitment on retention in private security firms in Nairobi City<br>County, Kenya. The work environment was used as a moderating variable. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population of this research was 50 private security firms in Nairobi City County registered with Kenya Security Industry Association. Primary data was collected using a close-ended questionnaire. The study was anchored by<br>Kahn’s theory of engagement. Data was analyzed with the aid of SPSS version 25.0 and<br>presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. Simple and multiple regression analysis<br>was used to establish the relationship between variables and the t-statistic at a 95% significance level was adopted in testing the hypothesis of the study. The overall significance was<br>tested using F-test. The study established a positive significant effect of employee commitment on retention with a regression coefficient of 0.799 and a p-value of 0.000 implying that<br>employee commitment affected retention. The interaction between work environment and<br>employee commitment had a regression coefficient of 2.330 and a p-value of 0.025 implying that work environment positively altered the relationship between employee commitment and retention. The study recommends that private security firms ought to put strategies<br>that encourage employees to be committed to their work, to ensure increased retention. The<br>findings of the research will contribute to theory, policy making, and understanding of human resource management practices to ensure an increase in employee retention.</p>2024-01-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Researchhttp://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/article/view/134RELEVANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL GOALS IN INSTILLING DEMOCRATIC VALUES AMONG PUPILS IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN IGEMBE SOUTH SUB-COUNTY. A CRITIQUE BASED ON JOHN RAWLS THEORY OF JUSTICE.2024-01-04T13:21:35+03:00Kailikia Priscilla Mwonjirupriscilakailikia@gmail.comKamoyo JohnJkamoyo@chuka.ac.keOgola Fredrick fogolla@chuka.ac.ke<p>The study focused in determining the relevance of primary school educational goals in instilling democratic values among pupils in public primary schools in Igembe South SubCounty in reference to John Rawls theory of justice. The study adopted descriptive survey<br>research design. The target population was 6700 subjects, comprising of 5950 standard seven pupils and 750 teachers in public primary schools in Igembe South Sub-County. Simple<br>random sampling was used to select 325 pupils while purposive sampling was used to select<br>45 teachers forming a total sample of 370 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires. Collected data was cleaned, coded and entered in the computer for analysis using<br>SPSS version 21. Quantitative data was analyzed using frequencies and percentages. The<br>findings of the study revealed that the goals of primary school education are relevant in instilling democratic value of socio-economic equality amongst learners as advocated by<br>Rawls theory of justice. The study therefore recommends Need for schools to come up with<br>strategies for promoting democratic values in relation to educational goals. Such Strategies<br>may include establishment of democratic values clubs and invitation of resource persons to<br>talk on democratic values to the school community. The study further recommends that<br>Schools should organize for workshops/seminars to sensitize teachers on promoting democratic values such as justice, equality, freedom and dignity as suggested by John Rawls theory of justice. This is because besides forming basis for academic achievement they also<br>form foundation for instilling democratic values on pupils. The researcher concludes that<br>the recommendations made would prove quite instrumental in informing the policy makers,</p>2024-01-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Researchhttp://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/article/view/140DEEP LEARNING MACHINE TRANSLATION TECHNOLOGY IN AFRICAN LANGUAGES TRANSLATION-A REVIEW2024-04-22T11:59:42+03:00Kinyori Saifskinyori@chuka.ac.keGitari Tony Munene tmunene@chuka.ac.ke<p>Machine translation (MT) is the use of computers to automatically translate one language to another. Machine translation has numerous applications in society, such as ecommerce, tourism and marketing. Africa has approximately 2,000 spoken languages, however, only 30 African languages have been machine translated. The main technical factor for the low-rate adoption of MT in Africa is the poor translation accuracy of existing machine translators. Currently, there are two approaches to MT in Africa. The first approach is the classical approach. This approach utilizes the direct mapping of input texts to produce a translated output. Examples of classical MT approaches include: statistical-based machine translators (SBMT), rule-based machine translators (RBMT) and hybridized machine translators (HMT). Classical approaches are the most widely adopted MT approach for African languages. The main reason for the wide adoption is ease in building and maintenance of classical MT platforms, in addition, the low cost of computing power in utilizing these platforms. However, classical approach has high-levels of inaccuracy due to language structures differentiation. The second approach is the use of Deep learning (DL) MT. Deep learning MT is a field in artificial intelligence concerned with the application of artificial neural networks to mimic the human brain learning process in language translation. Deep learning MT has the advantage of understanding phrases, complex sentence structures, and even slang when compared to classical MT approach. Deep learning has produced results 60-90% more accurate than the classical approach in translating structured languages such as French into English. However, DL has shortcomings in MT, including, high-costs of training and evaluating models, and, DL is data intensive. This review aims to analyze the current status of machine translation approaches in Africa and provide an output recommendation for universalizing applicable MT in African languages translation. The results of this review will be in both graphical and tabular format.</p>2024-04-22T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Researchhttp://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/article/view/137FLASH FICTION AS AN AVENUE TO ADDRESS SOCIAL VICES: A CASE STUDY OF VINCENT DE PAUL’S FLASHES OF VICE, VOLUME 12024-01-04T14:18:25+03:00Owino Omondi Hillary,hillomo@gmail.comMukasa Antony,amate@chuka.ac.ke<p>Advancement in technology and the internet age has given rise to new platforms of sharing<br>ideas thereby leading to the rise and development of flash fiction. This paper analyzes flash<br>fiction as a new avenue for addressing social vices in the digital age. Some of the vices addressed in the selected mini-fictions resonate with the Sustainable Development Goals<br>showing how writers rely on global trends in their creative processes. Marxist literary theory<br>was adopted to examine the social vices that the selected texts address. The article argues<br>that these exemplary flashes are used to develop and propagate complex themes with a long<br>literary history and a wide contemporary relevance. It therefore avers that flash fictions of<br>East Africa, though utilizing the contemporary platforms, have a literary significance just<br>like other genres of art. It is a new avenue to addressing human challenges with wide readership. Flash fiction and the new media are therefore seen as new frontiers in fostering education, research and economic recovery.</p>2024-01-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Researchhttp://journals.chuka.ac.ke/index.php/jesar/article/view/135EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER RATES ON THE ESTABLISHMENT AND YIELD OF NEW SELECTED SUGARCANE CULTIVARS IN KIBOS, KISUMU COUNTY, KENYA2024-01-04T13:30:44+03:00Omoto Georgegeorgeomoto@ymail.com<p>The sugar industry plays an important role in economic development of Kenya. Nitrogen is<br>the primary nutrient limiting sugarcane production throughout the world. A study was conducted in Kibos from 2015 to-2018 on the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates on the yield of<br>newly released cane cultivars. The aim was to determine the optimal nitrogen rates for the<br>new sugarcane cultivars and to analysis the cost benefits of N fertilizer rates on new sugarcane yields. The treatments consisted of 11 cane cultivars KEN 98-367, KEN 98-530, KEN<br>98-533, KEN 98-551, KEN 00-13, KEN 00-3548, KEN 00-3811, EAK 73-335, KEN 82-<br>121, KEN 82-601, KEN 82-493 and 3 levels of N fertilizer rates; 0kg Nha-1<br>, 80kg Nha-1<br>and<br>160 kg Nha-1<br>as top-dress at five months after planting. The experiment was laid out as 11<br>x 3 factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) having three replications with<br>a gross plot size of 5 rows 6m long and spaced at 1.2 m apart. Clean seedcane aged 10<br>months was used. The trial was harvested at 17 months for plant crop (PC) and 16 months<br>for ratoon1 (R1). Data was analyzed by ANOVA using GENESTAT vs 19.0. The results<br>showed that significant differences (p<0.05) were noticed in girth, stalk heights, R1sugarcane yields and nitrogen rates of R1. Stalk population, pol% juice and nitrogen rates of PC<br>did no differ. KEN00-3811 out yielded all the other cultivars and EAK 73-335 was the<br>worst performer. Therefore there is a need for further evaluation on Kibos soil before appropriate nitrogen fertilizer rate is recommended that should be site specific.</p>2024-01-04T00:00:00+03:00Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Environmental Sustainability Advancement Research